Although they have fewer resources to compensate, allied Farms produce extra food (which reflects on the importance of rice agriculture in China).
To reflect these achievements and for being one of the civilizations that suffered the least during the Dark Ages, they start with extra Villagers and their Town Centers support a higher population. By the 1200s, the Song dynasty hosted a population of almost 100 million people with a sophisticated medieval economic system boasting the use of paper money, a maritime shipping power having the largest mercantile fleet in the world patrolling the South China Seas, and a strong industrial steel manufacturing capacity. The aforementioned dynasties were best known for their economic sophistication, unprecedented technological innovations, and highly populated cities that accommodated millions of people. The Chinese civilization is based on the Tang, Song and Ming dynasties of medieval China. Like their predecessors, they are descendants of the Shang civilization, which inhabited the same area.
The Chinese are an East Asian civilization in Age of Empires II. The Chinese' civilization music theme in the Definitive Edition